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Rapier Swords - the Dueling Masters in the Renaissance Age
Errol Flynn did more for the rapier sword in the 20th
century than any man in history as he swashbuckled his way through many a movie
scene in swordsmanship that never left any doubt of his eventual victory over
his enemy. However, history reveals that few would have chosen this straight
blade, one or two edged, single handed sword over the more practical swords and
daggers available during the 16th and 17th centuries, at the height of its
popularity. Although these rapier swords could provide both cutting and
thrusting movement needed for combat, as Errol Flynn so aptly demonstrated, it
was a good offense and defense weapon in select situations only.
The rapier, which is sometimes referred to as a
dueling sword, was not a soldier’s weapon but suited more aptly to one who lived
a more civilized life such as a noble or a civilian who could use it for sport
or if necessary, in self-defense. The rapier sword is good for a thrusting
motion but not as effective as a cutting sword due to its shape and size. This
made for an excellent dueling weapon for young nobles for tournaments and
parades, and a lighter accessory for daily wearing for those in more peaceful
situations than a war.
Throughout history, the amount of decoration accorded
an item would reflect the wealth and stability of the culture at that time. This
can be seen in architecture, furniture, and clothing as well as armor and
weapons. This type of sword emerged as Europe stabilized and began to emerge
from the stormy Middle Ages, becoming popular with those who really did not need
a sword for many occasions. Special occasions would have included hunting,
parades and tournaments. For these events, highly decorated arms and armor would
be used that would not have been practical in a battle situation but were for
visual recognition and appeal.
However, the word ‘rapier’ is a German word that
means ‘foreign’. The French, English, Italian and other countries only called
them ‘swords’ in their appropriate languages. The rapier sword had no set design
with its blade length and width, whether it had an edge or edges, and hilts
varied from simple to ornate. The rapier simply reflected the culture that was
using it for their purposes so during the same time period, a variety of types
of swords fell into this category.
The Classical civilizations of antiquity became the
focus of the Renaissance through the focus of a group of philosophers and
artists in Florence, Italy around the mid-14th century. Their humanism
philosophy which applauded the accomplishments of man differed greatly from the
scholasticism school of thought that was the centerpiece of the Medieval Age
with its emphasis on the hereafter being the goal in life. Although the Medieval
Age was considered barbaric in comparison to the great Roman and Greek cultures
that had preceded it, by the end of the 11th century, it had evolved into a
distinct civilization of its own with its beliefs firmly rooted in Christian
ethics and beliefs. When Renaissance (which literally means ‘born anew’)
thinking began to appreciate the Greek philosophers and Roman architecture, a
new civilization was born. Europe flourished and so did its art, its literature
and its wealth.
This is easily reflected in the rapier sword as the
progression of this age developed through the 14th to the 17th century. Earlier
versions were simpler in design than the later versions as these swords became
more ornate and less useful until they were no longer in fashion. Even today,
perhaps inspired by Errol Flynn, the Three Muskateers and Zorro in films, rapier
swords enjoy a visual popularity and remain the weapons of choice for fencing.
Renowned for their beauty and style, they remind us of another time, one
civilized and romantic in the modern man’s mind when men settled differences at
dawn with skill and craftsmanship rather than the single shot of a pistol. The
Renaissance Era produced art and beauty and even practical applications of such
that still enrich our lives today. The beautifully crafted rapier expresses this
even in the area of weaponry.
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